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Author of the paper summary here - my understanding is that XFaaS doesn't run functions that are run in response to user input (e.g. XFaaS does not execute code that fetches and returns data because a user clicked on a button).


Good catch! Here's the link to the framework: https://gitlab.mpi-sws.org/cld/blueprint/blueprint-compiler.

Also added it to the blog post :)


Neat and funny that they have an uncited figure (the one with the six exchanges with wacky trade size distributions) from research that we did while I was working at Bitwise.

We found 95% of bitcoin trading volume at the time was fake: https://www.wsj.com/articles/most-bitcoin-trading-faked-by-u...


I think the funnier part is this hits every single crypto cliché:

1) "exchange" doing shit that would put you directly in jail in any professional finance context

2) people with ~$0 money participating in the most speculative investment schemes

3) "exchange" having minimal handle on what they're doing, reverse scalping as part of 1) and not realizing this costs money (see Knight Capital)

4) "exchange" just ghosting with the 2) money when faced with negative pnl

Future of finance, amirite?


Thanks for posting this article, it's a real "the more the world turns" reminder for me. We're having the exact same conversation now about Bitcoin ETFs, based on the exact same concerns: https://www.reuters.com/technology/nasdaq-refiles-blackrocks...


100% - although this time around there is (in my opinion) _a lot more data_ [1] that regulated markets (like CME bitcoin futures) drive price discovery.

[1] There was data back then too, it just wasn't received.


What's so suspicious about the distribution on that graph from, say, ExRates?

It's far from uniform, looks plenty ragged and random to me. Though I can't read the axes so I may be misinterpreting it.


The x-axis is size of trade, and the y-axis is % of trades at a specific size. ExRates had _many_ large trades, which shows up as a significantly different distribution than other exchanges like Coinbase/Bitstamp/Kraken (which had many small trades, and a long tail of larger size trades). See slide 42-44 here: https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-nysearca-2019-01/srnysearca2...


Was this fake volume allowed by the new transaction system in Bitcoin? Because it seems like the old one would make that prohibitively expensive.


The volume we were looking at was on exchanges (not on chain).


https://www.micahlerner.com

I write about new and foundational academic CS research - writing is a way for me to learn and share with others along the way.

Some of my most popular writing is:

- FoundationDB: A Distributed Unbundled Transactional Key Value Store (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28740497)

- Monarch: Google’s Planet-Scale In-Memory Time Series Database (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31379383)

- Ray: A Distributed Framework for Emerging AI Applications (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27730807)


Clean and simple. What is the platform behind the site? Ghost?


It’s Jekyll - and open source! https://github.com/mlerner/mlerner.github.io


Really neat paper - a while ago I wrote a summary of the system: https://www.micahlerner.com/2021/06/12/foundationdb-a-distri...


Came to the comments and found my blog mentioned. Aw schucks.


Author here - thank you for pointing that out! The context in the comment you linked to is also helpful.

In your opinion, would it be correct to remove "uniquely" from the first sentence? Maybe that would help clarify the issue you pointed out. As far as I understand, the CIDs are still unique when referring to _metadata_, and can be used to "unambiguously fetch content from its peers".


IMO the closest equivalent to an IPFS CID is a BitTorrent magnet URL. They both can be used to obtain an intermediate metadata value, which can in turn be used to fetch file content.

  > CIDs are still unique when referring to _metadata_, and can be used to
  > "unambiguously fetch content from its peers".
A CID, mathematically, cannot uniquely identify a single file. Consider the CID bafybcfbaqydfnrof5stdvkzhwx6kglb7p6owxja:

  [desktop]$ ipfs get bafybcfbaqydfnrof5stdvkzhwx6kglb7p6owxja -o temp.pdf
  [desktop]$ shasum -a 256 temp.pdf
  2bb787a73e37352f92383abe7e2902936d1059ad9f1ba6daaa9c1e58ee6970d0  temp.pdf

  [laptop]$ ipfs get bafybcfbaqydfnrof5stdvkzhwx6kglb7p6owxja -o temp.pdf
  [laptop]$ shasum -a 256 temp.pdf
  d4488775d29bdef7993367d541064dbdda50d383f89f0aa13a6ff2e0894ba5ff  temp.pdf
If you were to try fetching that CID from the peer network, which file you'd get would depend on which peer you're fetching it from.


why is the sha256sum different?



I wrote a summary of one of the approaches for replacing TCP mentioned in the paper (called Homa) here: https://www.micahlerner.com/2021/08/15/a-linux-kernel-implem...


I try to do paper reviews (like https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31379383) because it is a great way for me to learn more and _hopefully_ share in a way that is useful for others . My writing abilities are still a work in progress :)


That one is great, thank you!


This was just on the front page: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32456998


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